Ethics and the Human Condition

Moral relativism is the emotional hypothesis that expresses that ethical convictions are comparative with the standards of an individual; consequently, deciding whether a demonstration is correct or wrong absolutely depends on the ethical convictions of the general public that rehearses it. This suggests a similar conduct can be considered as ethically satisfactory in one society yet be ethically inadmissible in another society.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Ethics and the Human Condition explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This hypothesis doesn't acknowledge the presence of all inclusive good realities and it has two fundamental structures: individual or individual moral relativism and social or social relativism. Pride is the target hypothesis that takes moral relativism to its obvious end result and as opposed to concentrating on culture as a determinant of good truth, it focuses on the individual (Infantino and Wilke, 10). Selfishness fall s into two fundamental classifications. For a mental braggart, the individual must be persuaded by acting to satisfy their personal responsibility. The mental self seeker can never represent some other explanation. A moral vain person holds the regulating guarantee that the person should act in manners that give the person in question separately the most elevated attainable great. Utilitarianism and deontological morals speculations have been created trying to make supports for moral guidelines and standards. Utilitarianism (or called consequentialism) holds that the ethical worth of a demonstration is attainable just through its utility in the capacity to cause conscious creatures to feel glad; along these lines, the ethical worth of a demonstration is measured through its result. Utilitarians see that no ethical demonstration is inherently right or wrong, yet the rightness or misleading quality of a deed is solely through the non-moral great created in the consequence of playing o ut that specific activity. As a supplement to the shortcomings of utilitarianism, deontological morals assess the profound quality of an activity focused on its adherence to a certain rule(s). For a deontologist, a conduct might be morally right regardless of whether it doesn't prompt a net equalization of good over malice since a behavior’s satisfying obligation is seen to be ethically right despite its results. Deontological morals has the accompanying attributes: first, obligation should be practiced for duty’s purpose; furthermore, individuals should be treated as objects of inborn virtue; third, any ethical rule is completely basic. The hypotheses of utilitarianism and deontology are both good speculations since they identify with moral convictions of obligation, concern and regard and, in the long run, inquiries of what is correct or wrong.Advertising Looking for article on morals? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF L earn More However, the hypothesis of uprightness morals is symmetrical to these: first, it is principally worried about the character of the ethical operator rather than direct; furthermore, righteousness morals can be progressed, not as an ethical hypothesis, yet as a record of other morally profound parts of human life. Ethicalness scholars give less consideration on rules and rather help people in concocting great character attributes, for instance, thoughtfulness and liberality, which improves the capacity of an individual to settle on right life choices. Women's activist morals â€Å"is an assortment of philosophical hypothesis that, from various points of view, implies to approve women’s diverse moral contrasts and to distinguish the shortcomings and qualities of the qualities and ideals culture generally has named â€Å"feminine† (â€Å"Feminist ethics,† closing area). It shortcomings conventional morals for demonstrating less worry for ladies instead of the issues of men, inferring that, for the most part, ladies are less ethically full grown than men are, and preferring male belief systems. Works Cited â€Å"Feminist ethics.† MPA 8300. Villanova University. N.d. Web.â http://www83.homepage.villanova.edu/richard.jacobs/MPA%208300/hypotheses/feminist.html Infantino, Robert L., and Rebecca Wilke L. Intense decisions for instructors : moral difficulties in today’s schools and homeroom. Lanham : Rowman Littlefield Education, 2009. This exposition on Ethics and the Human Condition was composed and presented by client Olivia P. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

NIKE Essay Example For Students

NIKE Essay Hairdresser 1Table of ContentsIntroductionpage 2Historypage 2Total Revenues..page 3Gross Margin.page 3Net Incomepage 4Current Assetspage 4Current Liabilities.page 4Working Capital.pages 4 5Nikes Healthpage 5Common Stock Outstanding.page 5Nikes Sales Health..page 5Nikes Fiscal Yearpage 6Illustrations and Graphspages 7 12Works Citedpage 13Barber 2HistoryNike is most likely the maxim notable name in sports athletic clothing. Nike has bolstered the most productive names n sports. Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, and Ken Griffey Jr. are only a couple of the competitors that Nike supports. The companys income continually nets in the billions. The organization keeps on ruling the athletic attire industry. Nike was built up in 1957 by a mentor and a competitor. The two proceeded to set up the best footwear organization on the planet. Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight are the two authors. From 1961 to 1971, Knight got together with a Japanese organization named Tiger. He imagined that the organization would end Germanys mastery over the footwear business. At the point when he met with the organization, they asked what organization he spoke to and Knight came up quickly with the name Blue Ribbon Sports. The organization would later become Nike. Blue Ribbons income kept on rising and in 1971, an understudy names Carolyn Davidson structured the Nike Swoosh image for $35. In 1972, Blue Ribbon isolated from Tiger and became Nike. The organization showed up at the name from the Greek Goddess of triumph, Nike. The 2700 representative organization opened up to the world in 1980. From 1981 to 1991, Nike started to support the top competitors in the realm of sports. Nike sought after any semblance of competitors, for example, Carl Lewis and Michael Jordan. Nike Company bested the 107 billion-dollar mark in 1986. The organization set up the Just Do It battle in 1987. Nike keeps on overwhelming the footwear classification in the United States, yet additionally in Canada, Japan, and Taiwan. Stylist 3Financial Statement AnalyzationNikes budgetary history has varied continually in the previous five years. In the years 1998 and 2001, Nikes incomes were at its most elevated multi year point. The cost of Nikes regular stock has gone down in the previous five years. It was at its most noteworthy point in 1997 and next most elevated in 1999. RevenueThe Chicago Bulls had won their second National Basketball Association title in 1997. Michael Jordan was the best ball player at that point and everybody needed to resemble Mike. Jordan was under an agreement with Nike for his Air Jordan tennis shoes. This was incredible for Nike, since it permitted the organization to underwrite off of Jordans achievement. Nikes income for 1997 was $9,186.5 million. This was an expansion of almost 3 billion dollars from 1996. The Chicago Bulls had finished a three peat in 1998. Michael Jordan was still under an agreement with Nike and the organization had the option to underwrite again with the income expanding by $400 million to $9, 553.1 million of every 1998. In 1999, the cost of Nikes regular stock had risen yet its complete incomes had fallen almost 1 billion dollars from the earlier year to $8, 7769. Nikes incomes had expanded to $8, 995.1 in 2000 and to $9, 488.8 in 2001. These numbers are for the monetary year finished May 31. Net MarginThe net edge proportion is characterized as gross edge (net deals less expense of products sold) partitioned by net deal. Nikes net edge proportion was 40.1% in 1997. The most noteworthy it had been in a multi year time frame. The proportion had tumbled to 36.5% in 1998. It started to Barber 4increase in 1999 to 37.4%. The gross edge proportion was 39.9% in 2000. Almost as high as it was in 1997. The gross edge proportion had fallen just .9% in 2001 to 39.0%. .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 , .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .postImageUrl , .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 , .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:hover , .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:visited , .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:active { border:0!important; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:active , .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u399079ff927 c9e10ae8674541cc65a69 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u399079ff927c9e10ae8674541cc65a69:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Should the man or lady command the relationship? EssayNet Income1997 was a decent year fro Nike. Almost the entirety of its budgetary numbers were at their most noteworthy multi year point. Nikes net gain was $795.8 million of every 1997. That was an expansion of $242.6 million from 1996. There was an emotional reduction in total compensation in 1998. Nikes total compensation was $399.6 million of every 1998. In 1999, the net gain expanded $60 million to $451.4 million. The overall gain expanded consistently in 2000 and 2001. The number expanded from $579.1 million of every 200 to $589.7 million out of 2001. Current AssetsNikes current resources were at their most noteworthy multi year point in 2000 and 2001. The all out resources had expanded almost $600 million out of 2000. The sum was $5, 856.9 million. The number had fallen to some degree in 2001 to $5, 819.6 million. Current LiabilitiesNike was having awesome income numbers in 2000 and in 2001. The numbers that the organization delivered were useful for investors and for the organization. The all out current liabilities for the organization were generally little. The obligation include was $470.3 million of every 2000 and had diminished to $435.9 in 2001. Working CapitalNikes working capital in 2000 had diminished almost $400 million from the earlier year. The working capital in 2000 was $1, 456.4 million. In 2001, the working Barber 5capital had expanded almost $400 million. This number was more noteworthy than the sum in 1999. The working capital was $1, 838.6 million of every 2001. Nikes HealthNike is continually going to be an innovator in the athletic attire office. The organization keeps on having the most appealing promoting and it additionally keeps on pulling in the best athletic customer base in all parts of sports. Nike is as yet viewed as the top organization in the footwear rivalry. The companys numbers are continually expanding. The cost of the stock may fall, however the liabilities and all out pay keeps on rising. This is an explanation that Nike is as yet viewed as perhaps the most beneficial organization in the athletic business. Normal Common StockNikes exceptional portions of regular stock was at 288.4 million out of 1997. This was an expansion of .8% from 1996. The companys extraordinary offers in 1998 were at 288.7 million. The number started to diminish consistently every year after that because of the organization being vigorously exchanged on the securities exchange. The number was 283.3 in 1999. It was at 279.4 in 2000. The number had diminished by 6.1 to 273.3 in 20001. Nikes 2001 Sales HealthNikes deals were engaging in 2001 when contrasted with 2000; the organization expanded its numbers an incredible sum in practically all classes. Its incomes were superior to the earlier years and there was likewise a better yield on value. 2001 was a decent year for Nike Company. The numbers were fundamentally the same as that of 1997 when Nike could have been supposed to be at its pinnacle. Stylist 6Nikes Fiscal Year and ConclusionNike Companys financial year end at May 31 every year. Taking a gander at Nikes budgetary numbers shows that the organization isn't just a top decision in the overall populations eye, yet in addition to numerous speculators. Nike is an organization that a speculator would discover appealing. It is an organization that has high income numbers every year and is set up. When pondering some solution for a Nike stock, Just Do IT. Hairdresser 13Works Cited1.A Coach and an Athlete.www.Yahoo.com2.1997 History. www.Nike.com3.1998 History. www.Nike.com4.1999 History. www.Nike.com5.2000 History. www.Nike.com6.2001 History. www.Nike.com7. Nikes Eleven Year Financial History. www.Nike.com

I will, I will set this schedule on fire

I will, I will set this schedule on fire Last week, I dropped 9.15 from my preregistration schedule for the upcoming term. It hurt me to do it; 9.15, only offered in alternate fall terms, was the class I was looking forward to the most. The problem, however, was this: Schedule: doable? Um, no. Regardless of how set I am on this illusion that I am working towards a dual degree at MIT, doing 72 units during my first term entirely on grades especially the 72 units above isnt really the best idea. (Neither is doing 60 units including both 5.07 and 5.13, but theres no avoiding that.) Some of you have already heard the following edict: Work, friends, sleep pick two. This is exactly what Ill have to do very soon. Itll be a huge comedown from last term, where by some miracle I managed to get all three. For those of you who just skipped the beginnings of a rant above, heres a brief summary: Classes. Lots of them. Grawr. That is all. ^_^ Enough about my schedule. Lets talk about yours. And by yours, I mean you. Yes, froshlings. You. Youll all be here in two weeks. Your friends at other schools may all know what theyre doing, where their classes are, and at what ungodly hour theyll have to wake up so they can make it to their 7AM chem lab on time. Meanwhile, you dont have a definite housing plan yet and youre sitting around wondering what in the world a Math Diagnostic is and how many Advanced Standing Exams you should take and what 8.012 is and if you should take it in the fall and hey, how come MIT doesnt give credit for 5s on the AP Bio exam anymore? Never fear, for answers are here! (Except for the AP Bio thing. I have my theories maybe the AP Bio curriculum doesnt match up with 7.012/3/4/5 well enough for you to continue receiving credit for it? but since I dont know for sure, my on-the-record answer is they just dont.) Ill even give you responses comprised of more than just saying that 8.012 is Physics for Physics Majors and Crazy People. (It is.) But first, a ridiculously simplified picture of what your schedule should look like. Its on neon yellow paper because everything neon is awesome. You know Im right. I know youre already forming what if questions about AP Credit, college courses, making it through freshman year with no previous experience in physics, and more. Thats why I also created the following list. A FALL-CENTRIC, FIVE-PART LIST OF EXCEPTIONS TO THE RIDICULOUSLY SIMPLIFIED SCHEDULE ABOVE (Numbers in place of class names will be prevalent, but dont worry Ive linked to class descriptions for all of these.) 1) Math. Many of you will take 18.01. If youve taken the AP Calculus BC exam and scored a 4 or higher, though, youll probably start in some variation of 18.02. Those of you who took Calc AB can opt for 18.01A/18.02A, which covers the whole of 18.01 in the first six weeks of fall term and covers 18.02 straight through to the end of IAP. A few of you will have already finished the equivalents of both 18.01 and 18.02, though, and youll probably take 18.something if you take a math class at all. 18.03, 18.06, and 18.700 are popular choices. 2) Bio/Chem. Most people take Chem in the fall and Bio in the spring. Two of the three freshman chem classes are only offered during fall term (3.091, usually taken by aspiring engineering majors, and 5.112, for the truly masochistic. 5.111 is available in both fall and spring terms.); the opposite is the case for Biology, with both 7.013 and 7.015 being spring classes and 7.012 being fall-only. Heres a reason to take biology first term, though: Eric Lander, one of the leaders of the Human Genome Project, teaches 7.012. 3) Physics and the Math Diagnostic. 5s on both parts of the AP Physics C exam gets you out of 8.01. Regardless of whether or not youve done that, youre taking the Math Diagnostic during the week before classes start. Based on your score on this exam a short, calculus-free, no-calculators-allowed evaluation of your basic math skills up through exponential and logarithmic functions youll be advised to take 8.012 (as stated before, this is Physics for the Truly Insane), 8.01L (8.01 held through the end of IAP, for people without much calculus or physics experience), or good ol 8.01. Some students take 8.012 because it, unlike 8.01, uses a standard lecture/recitation format. 8.01 uses TEAL; rather than give you a botched explanation of TEAL, Ill simply give you a link here. 4) Humanities and the FEE. There isnt much to say here. Take a HASS class that interests you; otherwise, you will suffer greatly and come to despise all things humanities-related. (The same can be said about most other classes you will take, but this is one of the few places where youll really have some leeway in your freshman schedule. Make the most of it, willya?) Take a CI-H to get them out of the way, since you need to take two of them and they should be completed by the end of your sophomore year. If you failed the FEE, youre required to take a CI-HW (writing-intensive) class first semester. Passing the FEE gets you out of the CI-HW part, leaving you free to take just a CI-H if you so desire. Getting a 5 on either AP English exam gets you the same as the FEE with 9 general elective credits. Taking a CI-H isnt necessary both terms, but you need to have completed at least one by the end of your first year. I took a theater class in the fall that wasnt a CI-H, and it wasnt a big deal I missed out on being offered sophomore standing (which I wouldnt have accepted anyway), but thats a can of worms I wont be opening here. 5) Advising Seminars, Mission 2011/Terrascope, F/ASIP, et cetera, blah blah blah. As a freshman, you have a 54-unit limit your first term, and a 57-unit limit second term. Your four main classes only comprise 48 units. Whatever could those extra units be for? Tons of things, as you should already know if the state of my inbox during the summer before freshman year was any indicator of that of yours, then youve already received multiple emails from twelve million different programs. If your plans dont already have you doing things like saving the world via Mission 2011/Terrascope or learning the Super Sekrit Ways to Score Awesome Internships in F/ASIP, you can always take a really cool Advising Seminar. I took Chemistry and Art, which was a great class. (I can give you more details if you want them, but the class is no more my freshman advisor left MIT in May.) You can also use the extra credits to take an intro class in your planned major, or get this you can do absolutely nothing with them. I took 48 units in the spring, and Im glad I did it gave me more time to get all of my work done, and I even got to sleep sometimes. Mmmmm, sleep. Want more information? (Can you even imagine there being more than this?) If youre looking for further explanation of anything in particular, the first-year website has all of this and more! I sound like an infomercial now! Woo!

Common Sense By Thomas Paine Summary - 802 Words

In his pamphlet, â€Å"Common Sense†, published anonymously in January 1776, Thomas Paine argues for the mandatory division from the British Crown in order to create a new united democratic republic of America instead. According to Paine, America no longer requires the British rule, which creates more problems than benefits. He states, that it is beneficial for the new republic’s economy to stop participating in the unnecessary wars with other countries, in which Britain performs. This forced participation affects American’s commercial relationships with other European countries. Paine’s main goal is commerce. Commercial and trading relationship would give a significant raise into the continent’s budget without British involvement.†¦show more content†¦Inglis claims, that Paine’s views on commercial disadvantages of being with Britain are the views of â€Å"brain-sick enthusiast† . He denies these enthusiastic views by rememb ering the past experiences of both countries. America has a good trading industry, mostly because of the Britain, which is defending America’s commerce: â€Å"By a connection with Great-Britain, our trade would still have the protection of the greatest naval power in the world† . He assured, that because Britain has the most powerful marine in the world, it would protect all America’s trade ships on the Atlantic route, and that protection â€Å"will not cost us a fiftieth part of what it must cost† if America will decide to create their own naval force. As for the British monarchy, Paine proved the heathen creation of kings by using the Scriptures. The Scripture’s quotation becomes a weapon for argumentation against him by Inglis. He definitely has more knowledge in the Scriptures, because the whole chapter is structured as a quotation of various apostles’ writings regarding the King’s power. By quoting apostle Peter, â€Å"Submit y ourselves to every ordinance of man, whether it be to the King, (-- removed HTML --) and not ufing your liberty for a cloak of maliciousness, but as the servants of God† , heShow MoreRelatedThomas Paine : Common Sense Summary987 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine – Common Sense Summary Of all the founding fathers in America’s history few have played a role equalling the paramount importance of Thomas Paine, and few have been so repeatedly overlooked. In ‘Common Sense’, published in 1776, Thomas Paine argues for American Independence. His argument begins with more general, theoretical reflections about government and society, and then progresses onto the specifics of the colonial situation. Paine uses the basic format of proposal and even afterRead MoreThomas Paine, an American Philosopher1267 Words   |  6 PagesAn American born philosopher, Thomas Paine, was a strong adherent for independence and was agnostic in the government. Born on January 29, 1737, Paine lived what we would now call a tough life (http://www.britannica.com). At a young age, Paine had to withdraw from school to help his father with work. He attempted many jobs such as a hunting smuggler and a collector of tobacco and liquor taxes (http://www.britannica.com). Paine failed a t those other jobs he tried and in 1774, moved to PhiladelphiaRead MoreCommon Sense And The Declaration Of Independence1517 Words   |  7 PagesCommon Sense and the Declaration of Independence are two very important documents in American history. Written by Thomas Paine, although not an official document, promotes thoughts that the citizens understood and needed, but did not know how to express their actions and ideas. The Declaration states the necessary reasons for independence in the colonies as well as the importance that their are equal rights. The Declaration announced to the world as a unanimous decision that the thirteen coloniesRead MoreThomas Paine And The Bill Of Rights880 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson and the Bill of Rights are three things that have some sort of connection. Thomas Paine and Thomas Jefferson both have documents. Their documents were both a result for the rule that Great Britain had over us. The Bill of Rights is also a piece whe re its writing had to do with a freedom type document written to let others feel free. Thomas Paine was one of the great supporters of the American Revolution. He was a journalist and used his utensils to get the public toRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine began writing Common Sense in late 1775 under the working title of Plain Truth. With Benjamin Rush, who helped him edit it, publish it, and suggested the final title, Paine developed his ideas into a forty-eight page pamphlet. He published Common Sense anonymously because of its treasonable content. Rush recommended the printer Robert Bell, promising Paine that, where other printers might say no because of the content of the pamphlet, Bell would not hesitate nor delay its printing. PaineRead MoreCommon Sense1686 Words   |  7 PagesBrief biography Thomas Paine’s life started in January 29, 1737 in the town of Thetford, County Norfolk. Joseph Paine and Frances Cocke were the parents of Thomas Paine and they both wanted him to become something in a higher profession other than to follow his father’s trade. With this intention, his parents made a sacrifice to enrolled Paine into the local grammar school at the age of six in hopes of him becoming a lawyer or a doctor but unfortunately, Paine dropped out of school later on inRead MoreThe British And Indian War1387 Words   |  6 Pagesthe mid-1700’s, British American Colonists were questioning their place under the British crown. The Colonists were proud to be part of the British Empire, especially after the recent victories of the French and Indian war, which gave the colonist a sense of pride and patriotism. However, British Parliament began to pass legislation that had laid a burden on the Colonists, as well as oppression. The Colonists began to question th e power of the Crown, whether the idea of a Monarchy was a primitive styleRead MoreEssay about Paine and Burke1644 Words   |  7 PagesHOBBES AND LOCKE OR PAINE AND BURKE DIFFER. This essay will examine the philosophical difference between Edmund Burke and Thomas Paine relating to the French and American Revolutions at the late Eighteenth Century. We are going to present a summary of the debate between these two different philosophers in the first part of this essay. The pros and cons of each man will be looked at in the second and third part of the essay and the final part of this essay will explain why Thomas Paines view wasRead MoreThomas Paine : A Very Curious Individual1664 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Paine (1737-1809) was a very curious individual. An Englishman who became a champion of the rights of man and free humanity around the globe, he is generally regarded as one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, irrespective of the fact that he held no political office and seems to have been somewhat glossed over (if not altogether ignored) by many of the ‘confirmed’ Founders. John Adams, for instance, is said to have pooh-poohed the w ritings of the troublesome Paine, even growingRead MoreThe United States1302 Words   |  6 PagesKentucky - Daniel Boone occupied newly independent areas of KY Thomas Paine’s ‘â€Å"Common Sense† written by Thomas Paine in January 1776 accused King George III of his countless wrongdoings Urged America to declare independence his writing was written in July of 1776, same year the Declaration of Independence was written - not a coincidence, Common Sense inspired it Independence Declared - Declaration of Independence - inspired by Common Sense and the Enlightenment Jefferson and other writers wrote about

6 Butterflies You Can Find in the Winter

Interdependence Cellular Respiration and Pic Free Essays

INTERDEPENDENCE IN NATURE Many of the relationships between organisms in nature are those of dependence. Whether it be a deer breathing oxygen produced by a nearby tree or a tick sucking the blood of its unsuspecting host, every organism depends on another organism in some way. [pic] Molecules and Cells †¢ Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration [pic]Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs convert solar energy into the chemical bond energy of glucose (C6H12O6). We will write a custom essay sample on Interdependence: Cellular Respiration and Pic or any similar topic only for you Order Now CO2 + 12H2O + solar energy ——- C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 [pic]Cellular respiration is the process by which autotrophs and heterotrophs convert the chemical bond energy of glucose into the usable bond energy of ATP. Aerobic Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 ——- 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP Anaerobic Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 ——- 2 EtOH + 2CO2 + 2 ATP (Alcoholic Fermentation) C6H12O6 ——- 2 Lactic Acid + 2 ATP (Lactic Acid Fermentation) The oxygen by-product of photosynthesis is used in aerobic cellular respiration by all aerobic organisms. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released following aerobic cellular respiration and alcoholic fermentation (one form of anaerobic cellular respiration) and is then used by autotrophs during photosynthesis. Thus, these are reciprocal processes. Glucose is produced by autotrophs during photosynthesis. Both autotrophs and heterotrophs break down the glucose to form ATP during cellular respiration. Energy, therefore, is transferred between the autotrophic and heterotrophic levels. Autotrophs are dependent upon heterotrophs only for CO2. All heterotrophs are dependent, either directly or indirectly, on autotrophs for energy, but only aerobic heterotrophs are dependent on autotrophs for oxygen (O2. ) [pic] †¢ Enzymes and Substrates [pic]The rate at which a reaction occurs is dependent upon the concentration and/or volume of enzymes and the concentration and/or volume of substrates. †¢ Water [pic]Every organism in nature is dependent on water for survival because all chemical reactions take place in water. [pic] Heredity and Evolution †¢ Sporophyte and Gametophyte Generations pic]In mosses, the sporophyte grows directly out of and becomes nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte. †¢ Flowers and Their Pollinators [pic]Flowers depend upon pollinators for the success of their reproductive cycles and insects depend upon flowers for nectar. †¢ Phenotypes [pic]The characteristics of an organism are determined both by the combination of its genes as well as the organism’s environment. (multif actorial inheritance) [pic] Organisms and Populations †¢ Symbiotic Relationships [pic]Symbiosis is any relationship between individuals of two different species. There are several types of symbiotic relationships: ? Cooperation – both individuals benefit, but are independent of each other ex: oxtail birds and gnus The gnu is covered with tiny parasites that provide the bird with food and in return, the oxtail bird keeps the gnu free of parasites. ? Mutualism – both individuals benefit and are dependent upon one another ex: lichen = alga and fungus The alga performs photosynthesis and the fungus absorbs water and minerals as well as provides anchorage. Commensalism – one indvidual benefits and the other is unaffected ex: barnacles attach themselves to marine mammals such as manatees and whales [pic][pic] The marine mammals provide a moving substrate on which the barnacles may attach while the mammals remain unaffected. ? Amensalism – one individual is harmed and the other is unaffected ex: Spanish moss Spanish moss grows on trees and chokes out virtually all light going to the tree. While the Spanish moss remains unaffected, the tree does not receive enough light to perform an adequate amount of photosynthesis to survive. ? Competition – both individuals are harmed ex: rabbit and a mouse [pic][pic] The rabbit and the mouse compete for the same herbaceous plants. ? Predation – one individual benefits and the other is harmed ex: coyotes preying on rabbits ? Parasitism – one individual benefits and the other is harmed ex: a leech sucking the blood of its human host †¢ Pollution pic]With the increasing industrialization of the world, comes much pollution. Fossil fuel burning has released tremendous amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. This excess of CO2 in the atmosphere traps solar energy in the form of heat. This effect is called the Greenhouse Effect. In addition, deforestation of the tropical rainforests has decreased the sink for CO2, thus augmenting the situation. The subsequent increase in atmospheric temperature is known as global wa rming. [pic]Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are produced almost exclusively by human activities. The combination of these compounds with water vapor in the air, creates acid. Acid rain has far-reaching effects on all aspects of life. Not only does acid rain severely damage the leaves of plants, but it also changes the pH of bodies of water. Such drastic changes gravely affect life. [pic] [pic] [pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic] About This Site ; Library ; FAQ ; 7,000+ sites by kids for kids [pic] Privacy Policy Terms of Use [pic][pic] How to cite Interdependence: Cellular Respiration and Pic, Essay examples

Interdependence Cellular Respiration and Pic Free Essays

INTERDEPENDENCE IN NATURE Many of the relationships between organisms in nature are those of dependence. Whether it be a deer breathing oxygen produced by a nearby tree or a tick sucking the blood of its unsuspecting host, every organism depends on another organism in some way. [pic] Molecules and Cells †¢ Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration [pic]Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs convert solar energy into the chemical bond energy of glucose (C6H12O6). We will write a custom essay sample on Interdependence: Cellular Respiration and Pic or any similar topic only for you Order Now CO2 + 12H2O + solar energy ——- C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 [pic]Cellular respiration is the process by which autotrophs and heterotrophs convert the chemical bond energy of glucose into the usable bond energy of ATP. Aerobic Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 ——- 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP Anaerobic Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 ——- 2 EtOH + 2CO2 + 2 ATP (Alcoholic Fermentation) C6H12O6 ——- 2 Lactic Acid + 2 ATP (Lactic Acid Fermentation) The oxygen by-product of photosynthesis is used in aerobic cellular respiration by all aerobic organisms. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released following aerobic cellular respiration and alcoholic fermentation (one form of anaerobic cellular respiration) and is then used by autotrophs during photosynthesis. Thus, these are reciprocal processes. Glucose is produced by autotrophs during photosynthesis. Both autotrophs and heterotrophs break down the glucose to form ATP during cellular respiration. Energy, therefore, is transferred between the autotrophic and heterotrophic levels. Autotrophs are dependent upon heterotrophs only for CO2. All heterotrophs are dependent, either directly or indirectly, on autotrophs for energy, but only aerobic heterotrophs are dependent on autotrophs for oxygen (O2. ) [pic] †¢ Enzymes and Substrates [pic]The rate at which a reaction occurs is dependent upon the concentration and/or volume of enzymes and the concentration and/or volume of substrates. †¢ Water [pic]Every organism in nature is dependent on water for survival because all chemical reactions take place in water. [pic] Heredity and Evolution †¢ Sporophyte and Gametophyte Generations pic]In mosses, the sporophyte grows directly out of and becomes nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte. †¢ Flowers and Their Pollinators [pic]Flowers depend upon pollinators for the success of their reproductive cycles and insects depend upon flowers for nectar. †¢ Phenotypes [pic]The characteristics of an organism are determined both by the combination of its genes as well as the organism’s environment. (multif actorial inheritance) [pic] Organisms and Populations †¢ Symbiotic Relationships [pic]Symbiosis is any relationship between individuals of two different species. There are several types of symbiotic relationships: ? Cooperation – both individuals benefit, but are independent of each other ex: oxtail birds and gnus The gnu is covered with tiny parasites that provide the bird with food and in return, the oxtail bird keeps the gnu free of parasites. ? Mutualism – both individuals benefit and are dependent upon one another ex: lichen = alga and fungus The alga performs photosynthesis and the fungus absorbs water and minerals as well as provides anchorage. Commensalism – one indvidual benefits and the other is unaffected ex: barnacles attach themselves to marine mammals such as manatees and whales [pic][pic] The marine mammals provide a moving substrate on which the barnacles may attach while the mammals remain unaffected. ? Amensalism – one individual is harmed and the other is unaffected ex: Spanish moss Spanish moss grows on trees and chokes out virtually all light going to the tree. While the Spanish moss remains unaffected, the tree does not receive enough light to perform an adequate amount of photosynthesis to survive. ? Competition – both individuals are harmed ex: rabbit and a mouse [pic][pic] The rabbit and the mouse compete for the same herbaceous plants. ? Predation – one individual benefits and the other is harmed ex: coyotes preying on rabbits ? Parasitism – one individual benefits and the other is harmed ex: a leech sucking the blood of its human host †¢ Pollution pic]With the increasing industrialization of the world, comes much pollution. Fossil fuel burning has released tremendous amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. This excess of CO2 in the atmosphere traps solar energy in the form of heat. This effect is called the Greenhouse Effect. In addition, deforestation of the tropical rainforests has decreased the sink for CO2, thus augmenting the situation. The subsequent increase in atmospheric temperature is known as global wa rming. [pic]Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are produced almost exclusively by human activities. The combination of these compounds with water vapor in the air, creates acid. Acid rain has far-reaching effects on all aspects of life. Not only does acid rain severely damage the leaves of plants, but it also changes the pH of bodies of water. Such drastic changes gravely affect life. [pic] [pic] [pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic] About This Site ; Library ; FAQ ; 7,000+ sites by kids for kids [pic] Privacy Policy Terms of Use [pic][pic] How to cite Interdependence: Cellular Respiration and Pic, Essay examples

Coopers Brewery Limited and KTS Limited †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Coopers Brewery Limited and KTS Limited. Answer: Introduction: It was ruled by the court that in order to decipher and state the appropriate powers of a company, it is necessary that the its constitution is understood and examined first, as presented in the Lion Nathan Australia Pty Ltd v Coopers Brewery Limited (2006) 59 ACSR 444 case. The decision of the court was based on the section 125 of the Companys Act 2001 and to see whether there are any foreign scopes that bind the companys constitution. The companys legal capabilities that help the organization and guide it with its transactional duties and dealings are mentioned in the Section 124 of Companys Act 2001. As a separate legal entity, the law empowers the company to get into transactions on its own. It is mentioned in the Section 125 of Companys Act 2001 that even if the companys constitution doesnt mention any clause that supports transaction, the company can, by all rights get itself to engage in any valid transactions whatsoever. It was stated by the judges that any outside entity who is willing to engage in any activity with the company can hold the presumption that the companys constitution supports transactions and has the authority to it, as stated in the Royal British v Bank v Turquand(1856)119 ER 886 case. The Section 126 of the act states that any entity who works in behalf of the organization has the right to commit to and deal with any necessary transactions that may prevail, even if the companys insignia or its official seal are not used in the said event. It was seen and judged In the Northside Developments Pty Ltd v Registrar-General (1990) 170 CLR 146 case, that of in any case the supposed presumptions held by a person are incorrect and they are aware of that fact, then the assumption cannot be used while the transactions are undergone by the authorities. It is in the Section 128 that a third parson entity has the right to hold presumptions about the company and its rules. Another section; that is the Section 129 makes it clear that when a third person is to assume something about the organisation; the organisation in no way can claim that the said assumption is invalid. A person can also provide assumptions while transacting with a different entity who claims to have claimed the property or the name of the company either directly from the organization, or indirectly. Even is such a case, the company or any other entity cannot lodge a case claiming that the certain assumption is invalid, this goes to that the act stays strong even if the certain entity has engaged itself to fraud or has accomplished a certain transaction with fraudulent tendencies., the assumptions made in those cases will be valid as well. But, as discussed above, if the entity was aware or had had suspicions that the assumptions are wrong; they can never rely on bot h the sections stated. It was ruled by the court that any person, after transacting or dealing with an organisation, is empowered to hold more than a single assumption about the said company in the Brick and Pipe Industries Ltd v Occidental Life Nominees (1992) 10 ACLC case. The same rules were applied in the Advance Bank Australia v Fleetwood Star Pty Ltd (1992) 10 ACLC 703 case. The Section 129 also implores upon the fact that the said person has the right to assume that during a said transaction, the company has rightfully applied all the rules and regulations, replaceable or not. Not only that, the person can assume via any information given to it by ASIC that the entity transacting with the person and is shown in public has the position of a director or an officer and can perform actions of authority and hold power. It can also be assumed by that person that the company officials are doing their work properly and lawfully. The said entity can also assume that all the documentations are properly treated with by the company if a certain document is apprehended and not signed as in the Section 127(1). Same can be said for the assumptions of a person when assuming the entity who signed the document is a director of the Organisation. John and Mary, who are the stockowners and members of the directorial board of the organisation named Kakadu Tourism Services Pty Ltd (KTS) are said to have been married. They were mentioned to have been occupying a domicile possessed by the said tourism company, until John was forced to move out and only Mary was left as the sole occupant of the property, resulting from their marital split. It is clearly mentioned that Mary had played no significant role in the working of the organization whatsoever. A car finance company had provided a loan for the purchase of a $80000 sports car by John and set conditions that the mortgage will be extracted on the property of the office that is in-fact, owned by the tourism company, KTS. Respecting the conditions provided by the Section 125 of the Companys Act, the act was said to be legal, even though said company, KTS is supposed to be a tourism company and not a leas provider. Hence, the following transactions are not being held illegal. It was clearly stated in the Section 126 that any entity who is in a position of power or represents a company in a way or the other is empowered to take control or start any new transactions in the name of the Organization, no matter what they are. Since, John is supposed to be the directorial board of KTS, he has the right to perform transactions in the name of the organization, and hence the purchase of the car cannot be denied or called illegal by KTS limited. Though the said care is claimed to have been the property of John, him being the director gives him the ability to issue transactions for the company, hence the lease company has is empowered to extract its mortgage from KTSs office and assets. It was further seen that $200000 were borrowed by John from the Easy Loan Bank in order to mortgage the domicile which was occupied by them without letting his wife know about this particular deal. It is clear that John is a director and stated that his biological son, Michael is secretary of KTS ltd., hence, as stated in the section 127, of the companys act, any transactions signed and witnessed by any company official or its directorial board is finalized legally and can formulate any documents that are needed. It was mentioned by him to the manager that his wife Mary had given her resignation from her post as the secretary and was taken over by his son Michael. This was done without the consent of the directorial board of the KTS Ltd. As given in the said Constitution. It has been mentioned in the Section 129 of the act that a third person engaging themselves with a transaction can think that the following transactions are done under the approval of the companys replaceable rules and regulations and are done in all legality. It was also clearly stated in the Section 127(1) that it can be assumed by the third person that the said documents provided to them are signed and approved by officials or the directorial board of the company. Hence, it can be assumed by the Bank that all the actions taken by John were done in all legality and John being a director had approved of all of them. It is also stated that if a said entity claims to be a member an official board of the company, the other party can unknowingly assume its true. It has been clearly stated in the Section 129 (6) that if a person is aware of the fact that their assumptions may be wrong, then the section 129 is invalid. In this case, the Bank made no such inquiries with the ASIC to confirm the fact of Marys resignation and Michaels replacing her and neither were any documents available, neither did the Bank make any enquiries with the directorial board or other officials of the company about the legality of the said transactions. Hence, it can be said that the financial institution has no right to assume and section 129 is invalid in their case. Conclusion The car lease deal that was made with KTS by John is legal and is binding. The bank though, cannot assume, as per the Section 129 of the CA. References Advance Bank Australia v Fleetwood Star Pty Ltd (1992) 10 ACLC 703. Brick and Pipe Industries Ltd v Occidental Life Nominees (1992) 10 ACLC Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) Lion Nathan Australia Pty Ltd v Coopers Brewery Limited (2006) 59 ACSR 444 Northside Developments Pty Ltd v Registrar-General (1990) 170 CLR 146 Royal British v Bank v Turquand(1856)119 ER 886

The Role of Sales Budget in the Production free essay sample

The sales budget is a conservative estimate on the estimated size of the sales, mainly used for the purchase, production and cash flow decisions. Clearly, the marketing budget should not only consider sales forecasts, but also to avoid excessive risk, general sales budget should be slightly lower than the corporate predictive value. Sales budget is usually the starting point of production and operation of comprehensive budget preparation, production, material procurement, inventory costs and other aspects of the budget should be based on the sales budget. The marketing budget costs and sales goals linked. The sales budget is a financial plan, which includes the cost of the marketing budget marketing plan objectives, in order to ensure the realization of the profits of the companys sales. The sales budget is only after the completion of the sales forecast, sales target is broken down into multiple levels of sub-goals. Once these sub-goals are determined, the corresponding cost of sales has also been finalized. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sales Budget in the Production or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sales budget was based on sales forecast, and which based primarily on the analysis of historical sales of various products, combined with information on a variety of products in the market forecast development prospects, first by product, region, customer and other items to be prepared, and then make merged and summarized. Determine future projected sales and the sales price based on sales forecasts, calculate the expected revenue: Projected sales revenue= the expected sales? xpected sales unit price. According to the companys financial sector statistics for the last few days, in January, fly ash dryer, drum dryer, flotation cells and other equipment accounted for more than 60% of sales in terms of sales. Therefore, we can say these devices are currently in great demand in the market. Among them standard and short head type are popular. Their main differences between are the section shape of crush chamber and parallel band length. The movable cone of standard type inclines steep, the parallel band is short; the short head type inclines gentle, the parallel band is long, the features movable cone of middle type are between the two types.

Rembrandt Essays - Self-portraits By Rembrandt, Rembrandt

Rembrandt Essays - Self-portraits By Rembrandt, Rembrandt Rembrandt Name: loui.O Teacher: Samah Zakak Subject: art 10c1 Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn, "Self-Portrait"1658 frick.org/interact/rembrandt-harmensz-van-rijn-self-portrait Cultural contexts of the selected piece: In the 16th century, Amsterdam experienced unprecedented growth and affluence. The city developed into a metropolis in just a few years, becoming the worlds staple market. This self-portrait show us both sides of the culture the first side it show that Amsterdam is an advanced city that values art and full of rich people and materials from his clothes .but at the same time when Rembrandt draw this picture he was showing the face which is blurred and scarred by time, by sorrows, and by illness. Yet Rembrandt was only fifty-two in 1658 when he signed and dated this portrait. He was also a small man, but he portrayed his figure in powerfull and big dimension . It is almost as though he decided to pack his entire life into this image of himself, both what had gone before, and what lay ahead. References : Rembrandt (2010)frick.org/interact/rembrandt-harmensz-van-rijn-self-portrait#sthash.5MVlSrt0.dpuf Amsterdam(2013) https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/explore-the-collection/timeline-dutch-history/1600-1665-amsterdams-prosperity

Assignment 3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

3 - Assignment Example The spot gasoline prices are the prices that have an influence on the wholesale of gasoline. This is the price paid by stations when filling their storage tanks. The current price of commodity is $2.18 per gallon (Roseman n.d). This changes depending with season. For instance, during winter the prices are likely to go down by almost a half. The specifications for the commodity have changed since 1998 (Brand n.d). This is as way of keeping up with the new technologies being invented and especially in the oil production and refinery sectors. Also, the changes in the commodity specification are a method of creating environmental friendly products thereby reducing the products negative impacts on the environment (Roseman n.d). Sulphur levels in the Canadian gasoline are not to average more than 30 parts per million. Similarly, the sale of Benzene has been limited to 1.5% by volume. The current future of gasoline is that the prices are likely to shoot. This is because this is what has been trending from February 2015 until March 9 2015 (Roseman n.d). For example, the price was $2.332 on February 23 2015, $2.473 on March 2 2015 and $2.487 on March 9 2015 (Brand n.d). This explains the trend that the prices are going up every week. I expect the price of gasoline to average $3/bbl. The reason for this projection is that the current futures are suggesting a very high uncertainty in the overall price outlook. For instance, the future contracts for May 2015 averaged $52/bbl. This indicates an average of 52% volatility and 95% upper and lower limits. This confirms that the market expectations will widen over time. In my opinion, I would recommend that the projections for the commodity be set a month before the release of the commodity. The executive committee should avoid long duration’s predictions as this is affecting the price of gasoline. For example, if they predict the price shall go up even when the economy is doing great, the

MGMT 4500 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MGMT 4500 - Essay Example This position in the airline’s context is determined by the number of domestic passengers served by the airline. The airline’s portfolio has been built by both strengths and weaknesses. While scenario is relatively a normal phenomenon to almost every business venture, the measures employed by Southwest Airlines in exploiting its strengths and addressing the underlying weaknesses are critical and unique its performance. The company primarily concentrates in domestic passenger travel services, giving it a local advantage. However, in international terms, its business performance is based on collaboration with international airlines. Prior to local, regional or international success, Southwest Airlines has outstanding strengths that maintain its top position in meeting air travel demands for the domestic market. Customer service is one of the critical areas that the airline roots its strengths in. The airline has in the past undertaken and continues to undertake service evaluation with regard to customer expectations. In this customer service practice, Southwest Airlines seeks to identify loopholes in its line of service. Customers are the primary determining factors of the success of a business venture. The management and the employees of the Southwest Airlines critically accounts for this fact by striving to meet customer satisfaction in air travel services. Customer feedbacks are presently used as a tool for designing, formulating and implementing customer service policies in the company. Employee base and the number of flights offered per day is an essential current strength. By close of business year 2011, Southwest Airlines had an employee base of 37,000, and offered up to 3,300 flights a day (Hill & Gareth, 2012). This has been realized to due to the ever rising customer volume especially in the last two years. The effectiveness, efficiency and commitment to duty by its workforce, Southwest

UV Visible Spectrophotometry and Solution Absorption

UV Visible Spectrophotometry and Solution Absorption All molecules absorb light at certain wavelengths.   The absorption of light by a solution may be used to determine the concentration of a solute or a mixture of solutes in solution. The Beer-Lambert law refers to the linear relationship between absorbance (A), and concentration (C) of an absorbing species. According to the two fundamental principals that govern the absorption of light by a solution, the absorption of light passing through a solution is exponentially related to the number of molecules of the absorbing solute, and thus the solute concentration, and the length of the absorbing solution. These principals are combined, and when working in concentration units of molarity, the Beer-Lambert law is as follows: For part A of this experiment the ÃŽÂ µ value at the à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max for Vitamin B12 was determined by measuring the absorbance of a known concentration of Vitamin B12 and by using the above Beer-Lambert formula. Vitamin B12 is a compound of significant nutritional and clinical importance. Assaying and understanding absorption of vitamin B12 helps with diagnosis of defects in humans that can lead to hematological and neurological complications. For part B of this experiment chlorophyll concentration of a leaf extract was calculated. In context to the experiment, eukaryotic green plants and algae, and prokaryotic cyanobacteria contain chloroplasts which have several pigment types, the most abundant of these being chlorophyll a. Green and blue-green coloured chlorophyll a absorbs maximum light energy at the photosynthetic reaction centre (during the light reaction of photosynthesis) at wavelengths in the blue (à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max 420 nm) and red (à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max 663 nm ) regions of the visible spectrum. The green-yellow coloured chlorophyll b is also present in all green plants and has an absorption spectrum (red à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max 645 nm and blue à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max 435 nm) slightly different from chlorophyll a. Normally the ratio of chlorophyll a:b is 3:1. As with most biological molecules chlorophyll is synthesised by biochemical pathways, and one intermediate molecule in the synthesis pathway is protochlorophyllide (à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max 626 nm) which is eventually converted into chlorophylls a and b. The amounts of chlorophyll and other pigments in plants can be determined using a spectrophotometer following extraction with various organic solvents. Based on the Beer-Lambert Law and a knowledge of absorption coefficients of pigments dissolved in particular solvents, equations have been derived to directly determine the concentrations of common pigments following extraction by measurement of the absorbance (A) of the solution at a given wavelength (à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max) in a cuvette.   For part 3 of the experiment, protein concentration was determined by use of UV and Visible spectrophotometry, and Construction of a Standard Graph.   The estimation of protein concentration is an important measurement in biological sciences. For pure samples of proteins absorbance measurements at 280 nm can be used to directly determine protein concentration; all proteins absorb in this region of the spectrum due to their aromatic amino acid residues (tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine).   For protein mixtures, very dilute solutions, or for proteins with interfering chromophores, colourimetric methods must be used. These involve subjecting a pure protein standard of known concentration to a colourimetric reaction, and measuring the absorbance of the coloured end product. The sample protein of unknown concentration is subject to the same colourimetric reaction. The concentration of the sample protein can be read directly from a standard curve.   The Lowry assay involves the production of a blue (phosphomolybdate-tungstate) chromophore, from a copper-protein complex.   In this part of the practical, Lowry and direct absorbance methods were compared for the determination of the concentration of lysozyme in solution. The first of the methods makes use of a ÃŽÂ »max in the UV part of the spectrum and the other in the visible part of the spectrum.   Aims   To competently use a spectrophotometer and accociated cuvettes (cells) To relate absorbance of a solution to concentration using the Beer-Lambert law To determine the molar absorption (extinction) coefficient of vitamin B12 and compare its value with that from a standard reference table. To calculate the chlorophyll concentration in a leaf extract using absorbance values at defined wavelengths and a formula applicable to the solvent extraction medium. To measure protein concentration using direct absorbance and, following construction of a calibration curve, by a colourimetric method. Methods Part A To begin the experiment, the spectrophotomer was calibrated in accordance to the information given in the instrumentation booklet (p. 35, viii). Using distilled water in a plastic cuvette at a wavelength of 550 nm the spectrometer was then placed on zero. Using the provided Aqueous Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) solution at a stock concentration of 0.15 g dm-3 (relative molecular mass = 1.355 x 103 i.e. 1,355 Daltons ), The A value was measured and recorded at ÃŽÂ »max at 550 nm. The A value was Placed on the results sheet. The vitamin B12 solution concentration was converted from g dm -3 to mol dm-3 and then using this data the ÃŽÂ µ value for Vitamin B12 was calculated (see calculations). Part B For the second part of the experiment a sample of pigments extracted from dandelion leaves homogenized in an aqueous acetone extraction medium (80%) was provided. A clear pigment solution was needed for the test and so a check was carried out to ensure that there was no plant debris that may have interfered with light passage before the absorbance of the sample was measured. Using a Pasteur pipette, the clear extract was transferred into a clean quartz cuvette. The spectrophotometer was placed on zero using a quartz cuvette filled with an aqueous acetone mixture (80%) set at a à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max wavelength of 663 nm and the absorbance of the pigment solution was measured at 663 nm. The spectrophotometer was again placed on zero using the acetone solution (80%), however it was set at a à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max wavelength of 645 nm before the absorbance of the pigment solution was measured. The spectrometer was placed on zero for a third time and set at à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max wavelength of 626 nm. The absorbance of the pigment solution was again measured and all three sets of data were recorded. Part C (a) Direct absorbance A quartz cuvette was filled to the level with H20 and used as a standard to set the spectrophotometer at zero. Using another quartz cuvette the A value of the lysozyme solution of unknown concentration was measured at a ÃŽÂ »max of 280 nm. The value obtained was recorded. Having measured the A280 value of the unknown lysozyme sample, the concentration of lysozyme was calculated taking into consideration that ÃŽÂ µ280 of lysozyme = 3.65 x 104 dm3 mol-1 cm-1 and using the Beer-Lambert Law. The concentration of the lysozyme sample was then changed from mol dm-3 to à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­gcm-3. (b) Colourimetric Lowry Assay (Preparation and Use of a Standard Curve) Using a stock reference standard BSA solution containing 250 à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g cm-3 protein, a series of dilutions of the stock were prepared accurately, as per the table below: Tube No: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BSA stock (cm3) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 H2O (cm3) 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.0 Note that the dilution factors for each tube were used to enable calculations for final concentrations of BSA in tubes 1- 8 inclusive (see calculations). These values are then used to plot a standard curve. Standard solution (1.0 cm3) prepared in the above table was placed in 8 clean, dry test tubes. unknown lysozome sample (1cm3) was placed into test tube 9, and H2O (1.0 cm3) was placed in test tube 10 as a water/reagent blank control. A solution of Lowry C (alkaline copper reagent) was made up by mixing Lowry B1 (0.5 cm3) with Lowry B2 (0.5 cm3) and lowry A (50 cm3). A solution of lowry D (Folin Ciocalteus phenol reagent) was then made up by diluting Folin reagent (5 cm3) with distilled H2O (10 cm3). Lowry C reagent (5.0 cm3) was added to all ten test tubes. The solution was mixed and left for 10 minutes. Lowry D reagent (1.0 cm3 ) was then added to each test tube and mixed well. All tubes were left for 30 minutes at standard temperature (37oc) for reaction and colour development to occur, after which time the test tube contents were thoroughly mixed. For test tubes 1-9, the A value at à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¬max 750 nm was measured. Test tube 10 was not measured as it was used as a H2O/reagent blank to zero the spectrophotometer. Calculations Part A Due to the fact that a known amount of solute has to be dissolved in a given volume of solvent to obtain a solution of the required concentration, the number of moles of the solid can be calculated from the following equation: n = Mass of solute Relative molecular mass To convert the Aqueous Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) solution from g dm -3 to mol dm-3 one must consider that the stock concentration is 0.15 g dm-3, and the relative molecular mass of Vitamin B12 is 1.355 x 103 . 0.15 / 1.355 x 103 = 0.11 x 103 To find the ÃŽÂ µ value (wavelength absorption coefficient) of vitamin B12 the Beer-Lambert law must be applied: A= 0.827 L= 1cm C= 0.11 x 103 dm3 mol-1 cm-1 at ÃŽÂ »max of 550 nm ÃŽÂ µ = unknown As A= ÃŽÂ µLC, the equation can be rearranged as follows to make ÃŽÂ µ the subject: ÃŽÂ µ = A/C Therefore: ÃŽÂ µ = 0.827/0.11 x 103 = 7.51 x 103 Part B Chlorophyll Concentration determination The following formula was used to calculate the concentration of pigment in the extract. Chlorophyll a = 12.67A663 2.65A645 0.29A626 Chlorophyll b = 23.6A645 4.23A663 0.33A626 Protochlorophyllide = 29.6A626 3.99A663 6.76A645 The absorbance (A) is the respective wavelengths obtained directly from the spectrophotometer with the use of a 1cm light path length cuvette. Chlorophyll a = (12.67 x 0.934) (2.65 x 0.390) (0.29 x 0.321) = 10.71 ug cm-3. Chlorophyll b = (23.6 x 0.934) (4.23 x 0.390) (0.33 x 0.321) = 20.29 ug cm-3. Protochlorophyllide = (29.6 x 0.934) (3.99 x 0.390) (6.76 x 0.321) = 23.92 ug cm-3. Part C (a) Direct absorbance Concentration of lysozyme was calculated using the Beer-Lambert law as follows: A = 0.177 ÃŽÂ µ = 3.65 x 104 dm3 mol-1 cm -1 L = 1cm C = Unknown The Beer-Lambert law can be rearranged, making C the subject of the equation. Therefore the value of C can be calculated as: C = A / ÃŽÂ µ C = 0.177 / 3.65 x 104 = 4.84 x 10-6 mol dm-3   The concentration of the lysozyme sample was then changed from mol dm-3 to à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­gcm-3 Using the following formula: n= M / RMM 14.31 x 103 x 4.84 x 10-6 = 0.069g To change this from g to à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g it must be multiplied by 1000,000 as follows: 0.069 x 1000,000 = 69000 To then change this calculation from dm-3 to cm-3 it must be divided by 1000 as follows: 69000 / 1000 = 69 à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g cm-3 (b). Preparation and Use of a Standard Curve for Lowry Assay: Concentration (à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g cm-3) was calculated using the below figures: Tube No: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BSA stock (cm3) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 H2O (cm3) 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.0 Test tube 1. BSA stock (cm3) = 1.0 H2O (cm3) = 4.0 1.0 + 4.0 = 5 1.0 / 5 = 0.2 0.2 x 250 = 50 Test tube 2. BSA stock (cm3) = 1.5 H2O (cm3) = 3.5 1.5 + 3.5 = 5 1.5/5 = 0.3 0.3 x 250 = 75 Test tube 3. BSA stock (cm3) = 2.0 H2O (cm3) = 3.0 2.0 + 3.0 = 5 2.0 / 5 = 0.4 0.4 x 250 = 100 Test tube 4. BSA stock (cm3) = 2.5 H2O (cm3) = 2.5 2.5 + 2.5 = 5 2.5 / 5 = 0.5 0.5 x 250 = 125 Test tube 5. BSA stock (cm3) = 3.0 H2O (cm3) = 2.0 3.0 + 2.0 = 5 4.0 / 5 = 0.6 0.6 x 250 = 150 Test tube 6. BSA stock (cm3) = 3.5 H2O (cm3) = 1.5 3.5 + 1.5 = 5 3.5 / 5 = 0.7 0.7 x 250 = 175 Test tube 7. BSA stock (cm3) = 4.0 H2O (cm3) = 1.0 4.0 + 1.0 = 5 5.0 / 5 = 0.8 0.8 x 250 = 200 Test tube 8. BSA stock (cm3) = 5.0 H2O (cm3) = 0.0 5.0 + 0.0 = 5 5.0 / 5 = 1 1 x 250 = 250 Results 1. Molar absorption coefficient of vitamin B12: Absorbance reading at ÃŽÂ »max of 550nm (A550nm) 0.827 2. Absorption Pigment type A Value Absorption Concentration Chlorophyll a A663nm 0.934 10.71 Chlorophyll b A645nm 0.390 20.29 Protochlorophyllide A626nm 0.321 23.92 Fig. 1. a table showing the A value of three different pigment types found in a leaf extraction, and the measured absorbance and calculated concentration of each. 3. Lysozyme Concentration Determination: (a) Direct absorbance reading at ÃŽÂ »max of 280 nm (A280nm) 0.177 (b). Preparation and Use of a Standard Curve for Lowry Assay: Discussion Part A A). Using the data collected, the experimental the ÃŽÂ µ value (dm3 mol-1 cm-1) calculated during this experiment was compared to that of an ÃŽÂ µ value obtained from  commercial standard references data. ÃŽÂ »(nm) ÃŽÂ µ(dm3 mol-1 cm-1) Standard ÃŽÂ µ value 550nm 8.55 x 103 Experimental ÃŽÂ µ value 550nm 7.51 x 103 Fig. 4. a table to show a comparison between standard and experimental ÃŽÂ µ values. As the above data indicates, the experimental ÃŽÂ µ value obtained during this experiment differs from that of the standard ÃŽÂ µ value. B). Other than human and experimental errors, one possibility that could explain the differences in the ÃŽÂ µ values is that to a certain degree different spectrophotometers in the laboratory give different readings. If the standard ÃŽÂ µ value was recorded using a different spectrophotometer this could cause anomalies within the results. A second possibility is that the solution used to find the experimental ÃŽÂ µ value was not at a stock concentration of exactly 0.15 g. This would affect the calculations and hence a different result would be obtained to that of the standard ÃŽÂ µ value. Part B 1(a).The % of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and protochlorophyllide in the leaf extract can be calculated in the following way: chlorophyll a concentration = 10.71 ug cm-3 chlorophyll b concentration = 20.29 ug cm-3 protochlorophyllide concentration = 23.92 ug cm-3 10.71 + 20.29 + 23.92 = 54.92 Percentage of chlorophyll a = 10.71/54.92 x 100 = 19.5% Percentage of chlorophyll b = 20.29/54.92 x 100 = 36.9% Percentage of protochlorophyllide = 23.92/54.92 x100 = 43.6% 1(b).It can be seen from the above percentages that 43.6% of the leaf extract is composed of protochlorophyllide. This is the largest percentage present within the leaf extract and therefore it can be considered as the predominant pigment type. 2(a). The percentages obtained can also be used to calculate the ratio of chlorophyll a:b in the leaf extract. In the case of this experiment the ratio of chlorophyll a:b in the leaf extract was 2:1. 2(b). The determined value to be expected when calculating the ratio of chlorophyll a:b in the leaf extract was 3:1. One would expect this as there are three pigments in the leaf extract, that ideally should contribute evenly. However, The results from this experiment vary from the standard data as they show a ratio of 2:1 between chlorophyll a and b. The most probable reason for this variation is not due to anomalies in results or calculations, but the fact that not all leaf extracts will contain the standard amount of pigments. In some cases pigments may be present in a higher percentage of one than the other, as is this experiment where protochlorophyllide was the predominant pigment type. 3). Although the above ratio is only dealing with percentages of chlorophyll a and b present in the leaf extract, one must consider that the presence of protochlorophyllide must be allowed for in the formulae and hence in the calculations. This is because there are three pigment types involved in the leaf extract and so one must consider that the ratio of the whole leaf extract is actually 3:2:1 where the ratio of chlorophyll a:b is 2:1. 4). The use of a formula related to a given extraction solvent is a convenient method for determining the concentration of chlorophyll. However, making use of the Beer-Lambert Law the concentration of chlorophyll could also be found by preparation and use of a standard curve. Part C Determination of Protein Concentration by UV and Visible Spectrophotometry, Construction of a Standard Graph Proteins have aromatic side chains such as tryptophan tyrosine and phenylalanine which absorb light at 280nm. The Lowry method is based upon a combination of the biuret method and the oxidation of tyrosine and tryptophan residues. The biuret reaction involves the binding of Cu2+ under alkaline conditions to nitrogen found in the peptide bonds of proteins. This reaction gives off a deep blue colour. The folin reagent contains phosphomolybdotungstate acids which are reduced to tyrosine, tryptophan and polar amino acids. This creates an intense blue-green colour. (a). The data collected was used to create a graph, plotting a standard curve of A (Y axis) against BSA concentration (X axis) in à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g cm-3 (See fig.3). This graph, shown in fig.3., was effectively constructed assuming that the relationship between absorbance (A) and concentration (C) must be linear to satisfy the Beer-Lambert law. However, the Beer-Lambert relationship between absorption and concentration deviates from lineariy in the case of more concentrated solutions. Linear BSA standard curves are only obtained at low protein concentration and so therefore to decrease possible anomilies in the results, timing of both residue addition and mixing were crucial. Using the A value from test tube 9, it was possible to use the graph to determine the concentration of the unknown lysozyme sample in à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g cm-3. Results from the graph show that. (b) By examining the lysozyme concentration results obtained (in à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ­g cm-3), it is possible to make a comparison between the results for the colourimetric assay and the direct absorption technique. Results show that Lysozyme concentration for colormetric assay were (m/rmm thing) Lysozyme concentration results for direct absorbance technique were..(graph) These results are same/different. Due to the fact that different proteins have widely varying characteristics, there may be considerable errors within the data. With the colormetric assay any non-protein component of the solution that absorbs UV light could interfere with the assay, resulting in the production of colour by substances other than the analyte of interest. This would cause the results to vary from that of the direct absorbance technique. (c). For this experiment three different methods were used for concentration determination, each of which had different strengths and weaknesses with respect to their sensitivity, accuracy and convenience. The first of these methods was the use of a formula, to determine chlorophyll concentration. Using a formula gives a very accurate theoretical result but it is not particularly convenient as for calculations to be correct it can take a great deal of time and effort. Obviously with such calculations, they are not sensitive as there is no outside interference to affect results. Direct absorbance is not as sensitive as the colormetric method, but as it requires the use of a spectrophotometer, it is an accurate assay method. This also makes the method relatively convenient for determining the concentration of lysozyme present in a given solution as changes in absorbance of the lysozyme could be clearly seen and recorded using the spectrophotometer at a particular wavelength. The colourimetric method was also used to determine the concentration of lysozyme during this experiment. One benefit of using the Colormetric method is that it is extremely sensitive (down to a protein content of 20ug ml-1) and it is also moderately constant from one protein to another. However, with respect to accuracy, this method is subject to interference from a wide range of non-protein substances including many organic buffers. The choice of an appropriate standard is important as the intesnsity of colour produced for a particular protein is dependant on the number of aromatic proteins. As different proteins have a different number of aromatic residues, the Lowry assay is considered more of a qualitative measure of protein content more than quantitative method of determining protein concentraion. This method is not as convenient as the direct absorbance method in that it takes a lot longer to perform and there is a higher frequency of anomalies that must be accounted for. (d). The measurement of protein levels is of significant diagnostic importance in both clinical and veterinary medicine. In clinical medicine there are a wide variety of biomedical tests involving the measurement of protein levels, such as the detection of abnormal protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), suggesting that there is an abnormal process occurring in the central nervous system. Protein levels in urine samples are tested to monitor and evaluate kidney function, and essentially to detect and diagnose kidney damage and disease at and early stage. Serum protein tests are also important as they concern measurement of protein levels of albumin and globulin in the blood. Such tests are also important in veterinary medicine. According to reports from Cornell universities college of veterinary medicine, protein tests have been developed to accurately indicate canine liver failure caused by the toxin aflatoxin. (e). Another way in which protein concentration can be measured, other than by the use of a formula or a spectrophotometer is gel electrophoreses. This technique uses charged protein molecules to separate physical properties, as they are forced through a gel by an electrical current.

The Viking Essay -- History Historical Vikings Essays

The Vikings Viking History The Vikings were a group of Scandinavian raiders that were around from about the 8th century to the 11th. They mainly attacked the British Islands , the Frankish empire, England, but they also plundered places such as the Iberian peninsula and northern Africa. Vikings did not always settle into the places that they found, for instance after exploring North America they left the place never to return again. Even so, after landing on Greenland they colonized themselves there, and ancestors of the Vikings still live there today. So now that you know a little about the history of the Vikings lets go into detail about the specifics of the Viking age. (Peter Sawyer, Oxford Ill. History of the Vikings p. 1-19) On the Holy Isle of Lindisfarne, which is located between England and Scotland Irish monks had built a monastery; there they wrote many holy and beautiful books, called the Lindisfarne Gospels. These monks were peaceful people, wouldn’t hurt a fly, pity they were chosen by the Vikings, on the 8th of June in 793 to be the first major victim of one of their raids. Their arrival was seen first far off, they could see dragon head carvings on their well crafted ships slowly coming closer and closer to the shore. As soon as they got out of their boats the Vikings poured onto land ripping off the monk’s clothing and tearing their bodies apart with their sharp swords, and sometimes drowned them. Viking raiders tipped over the cross of Bishop Ethelwold, which was built out of stone. Before they left that hot day the Vikings had taken all of the monk’s treasure, set each building aflame, and killed the monk’s cattle to feed themselves on. Then, in an instant they go t into their ships and left. This was the first major Viking attack, as you can see it was pretty gruesome, but they were just getting started. The next summer there were several places on the British North Sea coast attacked. After 799 the Vikings managed some raids on Friskan-Frankish coast, forcing them to set up a coastal watch to warn citizens of the area. (Oxenstierna, Eric, The Norsemen p. 49-74) The Vikings in the 8th century mainly centered in places along the Dutch coast, but the Norwegian Vikings were settled in the Orkney and Shetland islands. Throughout the 9th century the Viking’s expanded their empire to engulf Ireland, and Northwestern England. In t... ... a mixture of clay and dug them to make them draff and weatherproof. Vikings lived with their animals, the animals kept their houses warm, and it secured them from being stolen, because cattle was very valuable. Women did all the work around the house while men worked in the fields, and on the farms, of coarse they also fished and hunted when that was needed. There was not much wood in Sweden and Norway, except in the south where softwoods like conifers were used for building. They also provided for the long straight horizontal timbers that served as the joints. Viking Relationships The military leaders of the Vikings were Earls (called Jarls) and sometimes even priests. The freeman (bonds) were the farmers and merchants. The slaves (thralls) worked on other people’s farms to pay for their share in profits from raids. (Purves, pg. 10) Viking family life did not include much free time for personal enjoyment. They ate slept and worked in one room of their house. The 2 most important objects in the room were the firepit and the weaving loom. There were no cupboards, tier belongings were hung on the wall or in chests that were at the edge of the room. (Gibson, Michael pg. 18)

The other wes moore

Jodi Snyder English 101 Beth Stevens 07/18/2014 The Other West Moore Can two men with very similar backgrounds grow up to be completely different? West Moore takes us on a Journey back to his childhood as well as the childhood of a man with the same name. The author West describes how the two men, grew up Just blocks from each other, both surrounded with drugs and crime. West was a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of John Hopkins, army veteran and well renowned speaker around the world teaching people about his story. The other West Moore was spending the rest of his in prison.When West learned about the other man with the same name, room the same neighborhood and the fact he was in prison, West was intrigued. West decided he needed to find out more about this man. He started writing this West Moore in prison. Not too long after, he found himself at the prison, finally meeting the other West Moore. In the book West tells us about the conversations the other West and he had. Talking about each other's lives, the similarities and the differences resulting in the book, â€Å"The Other West Moore†.In the introduction West states that, â€Å"Our stories are obviously specific to our two lives, but I hope they will illuminate the racial inflection points in every life, the sudden moments of decision where our paths diverge and our fates are sealed. † (x') He helps us realize that all it takes is one split decision could change our life forever. That you can easily stumble down the right path, even the right one. (xiv) It all starts with two young black boys. How they both ended up fatherless and with single mothers. Them both ending up in trouble with the law at about the same age.West explores the role of the mothers' of himself and the other West. He remembers how his mother took his sisters and him to vive with their grandparents after the death of his father when he was very young. He thinks about how strict his mother and grandparents were. West remains tha nkful for that today. The incarcerated West tells the author how he followed in his brother Tony's footsteps, getting into the drug scene. He recalls how Tony tried to keep him off the mean streets of Baltimore. Tony failed. One of the final breaking points for West was when his mother flushed four thousand dollars' worth of drugs.After he confronted his mother, this is what she said. â€Å"Not only did you lie to me but you were selling drugs and keeping them in my house! Putting all of us in danger†¦ ‘ don' ever want to see it in here again. Now get out of my room. â€Å"(74) His mother Mary, was not the least bit concerned about West's dilemma. Mary had pretty much lost all hope for her son. West was in and out of school and trouble. Did he try to get out of the life that was causing him to spiral downwards? Levy, a friend of West', turned him on to the Job Corps. West told him enema, man, I am ready to try something.Anything. † (139). Soon after, he was off to the Job Corps. The authors' mom had sent him off to military school around the same time. She thought that would be the best way for him to stay UT of trouble. One of his first memories of being there was, â€Å"Get up, get up, get out of your racks, plebes! † (85). That's what was yelled at him at 5:30 in the morning. West goes on to share with us the ins and outs of his time in military school. How having that structure and discipline really changed him. This is where the author's life and the other West Moor's life start to differ.The incarcerated West graduated from the Job Corps. West describes that after his return, he ended up is several temporary part time Jobs. He thought he would never get ahead. At this point, he talks about how he ended up back in the life he tried to leave. Dealing drugs, that's the only thing he really knew about. The only way he felt he could take care of his family. He explains to the author about the time he got caught up in a Jewelry store robbery with his brother and two other men which resulted in the murder of Baltimore police officer.That was the day his life was over as he knew it. He would spend the rest of his days in prison. He still claims, â€Å"l wasn't even there that day. † (125). The author proudly tells us how he graduated from military school as a very high ranked cadet. From there he went on to be a Phi Beta Kappa graduate from John Hopkins. He elaborates on the wonderful, fulfilling life he went on to have. In the first part of this book the author reveals to us how he came to hear about the other West Moore. He had read an article with the title, â€Å"Local Graduate Named Rhodes Scholar. He realized it was about him. He then read an article on the robbery, murder and the other West Moore. West set out to find out more about this man's life and how it compares to his. Again this is the basis of this book. Why did the author feel the need to tell his story? The author wants us all to realize that you can be from the same place, with the same issues and still come out on top. That yes, there will be challenges, but if you work hard enough and are lucky enough to have the support, you can do anything.Some of most enlightening moments in the book come one of the last meetings between the author West and the incarcerated West. It had been nearly three years since West first contacted the incarcerated West. The author asks West, â€Å"Do you think we're all Just products of our environments? † (126) Too this question West answers, â€Å"l think so, or maybe products of our expectations. † (126). â€Å"We will do what others expect of us,†¦ If they expect us to go to Jail, then that's where we will end up. (126) Author West Moore does an excellent Job of showing us the lives of the two West'.His hope is that this will inspire young people. To let them know that they can be whatever they want to be. It may take work, and it may be hard, but they can do it. In the end West says, â€Å"Above all, I hope that this book can provide young people with a way to identify with the success as a possibility, and a reason to believe that a story that begins with a struggle, apathy, and the pain of loss can still have a happy ending. † (183) Works Cited Moore, West. â€Å"The Other West Moore: One Name, Two Fates†. New York: Spiegel & Grab, 2011 Print The other wes moore Jodi Snyder English 101 Beth Stevens 07/18/2014 The Other West Moore Can two men with very similar backgrounds grow up to be completely different? West Moore takes us on a Journey back to his childhood as well as the childhood of a man with the same name. The author West describes how the two men, grew up Just blocks from each other, both surrounded with drugs and crime. West was a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of John Hopkins, army veteran and well renowned speaker around the world teaching people about his story. The other West Moore was spending the rest of his in prison.When West learned about the other man with the same name, room the same neighborhood and the fact he was in prison, West was intrigued. West decided he needed to find out more about this man. He started writing this West Moore in prison. Not too long after, he found himself at the prison, finally meeting the other West Moore. In the book West tells us about the conversations the other West and he had. Talking about each other's lives, the similarities and the differences resulting in the book, â€Å"The Other West Moore†.In the introduction West states that, â€Å"Our stories are obviously specific to our two lives, but I hope they will illuminate the racial inflection points in every life, the sudden moments of decision where our paths diverge and our fates are sealed. † (x') He helps us realize that all it takes is one split decision could change our life forever. That you can easily stumble down the right path, even the right one. (xiv) It all starts with two young black boys. How they both ended up fatherless and with single mothers. Them both ending up in trouble with the law at about the same age.West explores the role of the mothers' of himself and the other West. He remembers how his mother took his sisters and him to vive with their grandparents after the death of his father when he was very young. He thinks about how strict his mother and grandparents were. West remains tha nkful for that today. The incarcerated West tells the author how he followed in his brother Tony's footsteps, getting into the drug scene. He recalls how Tony tried to keep him off the mean streets of Baltimore. Tony failed. One of the final breaking points for West was when his mother flushed four thousand dollars' worth of drugs.After he confronted his mother, this is what she said. â€Å"Not only did you lie to me but you were selling drugs and keeping them in my house! Putting all of us in danger†¦ ‘ don' ever want to see it in here again. Now get out of my room. â€Å"(74) His mother Mary, was not the least bit concerned about West's dilemma. Mary had pretty much lost all hope for her son. West was in and out of school and trouble. Did he try to get out of the life that was causing him to spiral downwards? Levy, a friend of West', turned him on to the Job Corps. West told him enema, man, I am ready to try something.Anything. † (139). Soon after, he was off to the Job Corps. The authors' mom had sent him off to military school around the same time. She thought that would be the best way for him to stay UT of trouble. One of his first memories of being there was, â€Å"Get up, get up, get out of your racks, plebes! † (85). That's what was yelled at him at 5:30 in the morning. West goes on to share with us the ins and outs of his time in military school. How having that structure and discipline really changed him. This is where the author's life and the other West Moor's life start to differ.The incarcerated West graduated from the Job Corps. West describes that after his return, he ended up is several temporary part time Jobs. He thought he would never get ahead. At this point, he talks about how he ended up back in the life he tried to leave. Dealing drugs, that's the only thing he really knew about. The only way he felt he could take care of his family. He explains to the author about the time he got caught up in a Jewelry store robbery with his brother and two other men which resulted in the murder of Baltimore police officer.That was the day his life was over as he knew it. He would spend the rest of his days in prison. He still claims, â€Å"l wasn't even there that day. † (125). The author proudly tells us how he graduated from military school as a very high ranked cadet. From there he went on to be a Phi Beta Kappa graduate from John Hopkins. He elaborates on the wonderful, fulfilling life he went on to have. In the first part of this book the author reveals to us how he came to hear about the other West Moore. He had read an article with the title, â€Å"Local Graduate Named Rhodes Scholar. He realized it was about him. He then read an article on the robbery, murder and the other West Moore. West set out to find out more about this man's life and how it compares to his. Again this is the basis of this book. Why did the author feel the need to tell his story? The author wants us all to realize that you can be from the same place, with the same issues and still come out on top. That yes, there will be challenges, but if you work hard enough and are lucky enough to have the support, you can do anything.Some of most enlightening moments in the book come one of the last meetings between the author West and the incarcerated West. It had been nearly three years since West first contacted the incarcerated West. The author asks West, â€Å"Do you think we're all Just products of our environments? † (126) Too this question West answers, â€Å"l think so, or maybe products of our expectations. † (126). â€Å"We will do what others expect of us,†¦ If they expect us to go to Jail, then that's where we will end up. (126) Author West Moore does an excellent Job of showing us the lives of the two West'.His hope is that this will inspire young people. To let them know that they can be whatever they want to be. It may take work, and it may be hard, but they can do it. In the end West says, â€Å"Above all, I hope that this book can provide young people with a way to identify with the success as a possibility, and a reason to believe that a story that begins with a struggle, apathy, and the pain of loss can still have a happy ending. † (183) Works Cited Moore, West. â€Å"The Other West Moore: One Name, Two Fates†. New York: Spiegel & Grab, 2011 Print

Social Media s Influence On Education - 1119 Words

Social Media Through Time: Over 75% of all internet users use social media today. Eleven years ago, only 7% of American adults used social media sites. Social media is a type of online communication used to create, share, or exchange information available to anyone.Today, social media affects our lives in many ways; sometimes without us knowing. Social media sites affect education, society, relationships, advertising, job professions, etc. However, it’s not always for the best. Evolution of Social Media: Social media has come a long way from connecting real world friends. Everyday day social media continues to add more users. Social media didn’t get started until the early 2000’s. Some call it the go,fern era of social media. At that time over 100 million people had access to the Internet. The first social media site was Friendster, a social gaming site released in 2002. After that, many other sites were created such as LinkdIn, MySpace, and still popular today, Facebook. It wasn’t until 2006 when social media took off. Facebook had gained 12 million active users. Facebook is a social networking website that allows people to create profiles, upload photos and video, send messages and keep in touch with family and friends. As of early 2015, Facebook had accumulated 1.44 billion users. More recent social media sites include, Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest, Instagram, Snapchat, and Vine. Twitter, the second most used social media site, allows users to post short 140-cha racterShow MoreRelatedWhy Is Medium Is The Massage Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is Medium Message? Marshall McLuhan, a technological determinist, says in his book ‘Medium is the massage’ that the most widespread modern media influence how humans think, act and perceive the world around them. 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However, in comparison to the past, nowadays, the modernisation of technology, the change of social patternsRead MoreGramsciS Approach To Ideology Proposes That Oppressed1544 Words   |  7 PagesGramsci s approach to ideology proposes that oppressed classes condone the ideas, values and authority of the hegemonic class because they limited motive to establish their own (Strinati, 1995). Gramsci’s contribution to ideology is noted due to the lack of force and focused on intellectual power. However, Gramsci fails to acknowledge that the working class work extremely long labour hours and do not have the opportunity to discuss their oppositional views with a group. Yet, Gramsci’s commentaryRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Gay Male Body Image1209 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Media on Gay Male Body Image. Clinical Social Work Journal, 44(1), 105-113. The existing studies have indicated the gay male adults are more likely to develop body image dissatisfaction than other male populations due to variety of social and culture elements—particularly in media. Lanzieri and Hildebrand argued that gay media sources had produced the ideal male physique that negatively impact on its audiences. They had conducted a research to study the impact between media imageries andRead MoreMedia s Influence On Society Essay1250 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States has developed a media centered culture. Society has been influenced tremendously by mass media it seems as if it has become a necessity in life. Nine DVDs worth of data per person every day is the amount of all media delivered to consumers whether it be visual or auditorial on a daily basis. As consumers and technology develop that number will continue to increase because of the multi-tasking abilities that will be created (Zverina 13). The hold media has on society happens so oftenRead MoreSea World Research Rescue Foundation Inc.1227 Words   |  5 PagesSea World s goals are to strengthen knowledge for youth about the ocean habitat and ecology of the marine lives, encourage the public about the marine biodiversity conservation and promote youth education and public awareness. Positioning Sea World as â€Å"teach through lively activities† is also a priority. Past media coverage of Sea World has been largely marine mammal topics based, with little substantial discussion around animal conservation or Sea World information. Although the media port of SeaRead MoreThe Media And The Criminal Justice System Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesThe media plays the role as entertaining and a source of information to its viewers, however, with the current crime trends, most viewers have the perceptions that our criminal justice system is lacking in areas of proper sentencing and protecting the viewers. All this is based upon what we see in the media is the information reliable or not? I say this because of hearing about news personality lying about their experience only to booster the networks rating. When the criminal justice system has